Perioperative complications refer to any adverse events or complications that occur during the period of time surrounding a surgical procedure, including before, during, and after the surgery. These complications can range from minor issues such as nausea or vomiting to more serious problems such as infections, blood clots, organ damage, or even death. Identifying and mitigating perioperative complications is a critical aspect of patient care and can help improve surgical outcomes and reduce health care costs. Researchers in this area may focus on identifying risk factors for complications, developing strategies to prevent or minimize them, and improving post-operative monitoring and care.